Branches of Chemistry
For your convenience and for better understanding of this knowledge of chemistry is further divided into different branches.Which are as follows:-Chemistry ko bhtr treke se smjne k liay ise bht sari branches me takseem kiya gya ha. Jin me se kuch major branches k bare me neche ap k liay kuch information di gi ha.
1.Physical Chemistry:-
It is the branch of chemistry which deals with the study of relationship between composition and physical properties of matter along with the changes in them.As we have already discussed about the composition and physical properties of matter, in physical chemistry we study the mutual relationship between them.It means that if we change the composition of any chemical compound what physical change will appare in that compound is studied in physical chemistry.
Physical chemistry me hm compounds ki composition or in ki physical properties me relationship ko study krte hn. Jesa k apko pta ha k elements ki apni specific properties hoti hn or jb ye elements chemically milte hn or compound bnate hn to ye apni sari properties kho dete hn or bilkul new properties appear hoti hn jo k compound ki properties khlati hn. Physical chemistry me hm composition or physical properties k isi relationship ko study krte hn jis se hm elements or compounds ki properties ko ache se study kr skte hn.
2.Organic Chemistry:-
It is the branch of chemistry which deals with the study of covalent compound of hydrocarbons and their derivatives.In Organic Chemistry we basically study all thouse compounds who have carbon and hydrogen in them.Such as, CH4, C6H6, C2H6, C2H2.All these compounds are known as hydrocarbons because the components of these compounds are hydrogen and carbon.
We just have studied that what are the hydrocarbons and now we are going to see that what are their derivatives. So, Any hydrocarbon which have some other element present in it will be its derivative. Such as, CH3Cl , C6H5O6.These are some examples of derivatives of hydrocarbons.
Organic chemistry me hm hydrocarbons or in k derivatives ko study krte hn.
Ab phle to hme hydrocarbons ko smjna hoga. Hydrocarbons un sb compounds ko khte hn jin me carbon or hydrogen atoms majood hun. Mtlb ye k hydrocarbons hydrogen or carbon atoms k milne se bnte hn. For Example:- CH4, C6H6, C2H6 or is trha k bht sare compounds hn jinhe hm hydrocarbons khte hn.
Hydrocarbons to hmne smj liya ab in k derivatives kya hote hn. Wo compounds jin me carbon or hydrogen k sath sath koi or element b majood ho to unhe hm hydrocarbons k derivatives bolte hn.
3.Inorganic Chemistry:-
It is the branch of chemistry which deals with the study of all elements and compounds except hydrocarbons and their derivatives.Inorganic chemistry is just opposite to that of organic chemistry. As we have studied that in organic chemistry we study those compounds which have carbon and hydrogen in them,In Inorganic chemistry we study all those compounds which do not have carbon and hydrogen in them.
Organic chemistry me hmne dekha k hydrocarbons kya hote hn or in k derivatives kya hn or in sb ki study ko hm organic chemistry bolte hn. Inorganic chemistry ko smjna bht asan ho jata ha agr ap organic chemistry ko smj lete hn to. Inorganic chemistry me hm un sb compounds ko study krte hn jo na to hydrocarbons hon or na hi un k derivatives.
4.Biochemistry:-
It is the branch of chemistry which deals with the study of structure, composition and chemical reactions of substances which found in living organisms.In biochemistry we study all those elements and compounds which found in living organisms. We do study about their structure, composition and all chemical reactions which takes place in living organisms. There are 16 bioelements which are present in the living organisms. Their detail we will study in some other article.
Biochemistry me hm un sb compounds or substances ko study krte hn jo k living organisms me majood hote hn. In sb substances ko hm bioelements b bolte hn kun k ye sb elements living organisms ki zindagi k liay bht zaroori hn. In bioelements ki tadaad 16 ha. Jin me se 6 zyada tadaad me milte hn orbaki 10 bht km amount me majood hote hn. In biochements ki further details hm next in k topic me discuss kren ge.
5.Industrial Chemistry:-
It is the branch of chemistry which deals with the study of manufacturing of chemical compounds on commercial scale.Industrial chemistry is that knowledge of chemistry which we use to manufacture useful chemical compounds in industries.This branch of chemistry is very beneficial for mankind because in industries a lot of chemical compounds are farmed which are very important of human now a days.Like detergents, Soaps, cold drinks and many other.
Industrial chemistry me hm different chemical compounds of industries me tyar krte hn ta k unko daily life me insano k istmal ki cheezen tyar ki ja sken. Chemical compounds insano ki zindagi ho asan bnane me bht madad dete hn. Bht sare chemical compounds aase hn jinhe industries me tyar kiya jata ha or phir inhe insano ki zaroort k liay society me istmal k liay phela diya jata ha. For Example:- Detergents, Soaps, Cold drinks or is trha ki be-shumar cheeze hn jo k insano ki zindagi ko asan bna rhi hn.
6.Nuclear Chemistry:-
It is the branch of chemistry which deals with the study of radioactivity, nuclear processes and properties of matter.Now a days the knowledge of nuclear chemistry is very important for in the field of defence. In Nuclear chemistry we study those elements and compounds which are radioactive in nature.These type of elements and compounds continuously emits radiations.
Nuclear chemistry me hm different radioactive elements ko study krte hn. Radioactive elements aase elements hote hn jo k lgatar energy emit krte rhte hn. in elements me se hr time energy niklti rhti ha. ye radiations insiano k liay fida b de skti hn or bht zyada nuksan b phncha skti hn. Nuclear chemistry me isi trha k sbi radioactive elements ko study kiya jata ha ta k insano ko in radiations se hone wale asrat se mehfooz rkha ja ske.
7.Environmental Chemistry:-
It is the branch of chemistry which deals with the study of components of environment and effects of human activities on them.Everything present in our surrounding is called Environment.Environmental chemistry is the knowledge of everything happening in our surrounding. Which elements and compounds are involves in making our environment and what is the effects of human activities on these components on environment is studied in this branch of chemistry.
Environment, hmare charo trf majood hr cheez hmara environment hn. Environmental chemistry me hm hmare charo trf majood tmam components ho study krte hn or insano pr in components ka kya asar hota ha or insan environment pr kya asar dalte hn is sare study ko hm environmental chemistry bolte hn. Hm jis hawa me sans lete hn is me bht sare chemical compounds majood hn jesa k nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen. Is k ilawa land or water k b different components ko hm environmental chemistry me study krte hn k ye sb cheeze insano k liay kis trha zaroori hn or insan in sb pr kis trha asar-andaz hote hn.
8.Analytical Chemistry:-
It is the branch of chemistry which deals with the study of separation and analysis of sample to identify its components.As we know that chemical compounds and molecules are made up of similar or different elements. In Analytical chemistry we separate the elements of a compound to identify them and to study them in detail.
Analytical chemistry me hm different chemical compounds k elements ko detail me study krte hn k compound kin kin elements k milne se bna ha. or un elements ki properties kya hn or compound ki properties un elements ki wja se kese change hoti hn. Compounds ki ye sari details hm analytical chemistry me study krte hn.
Written By:- M.Ashir Azeem
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